过去分词作定语议一议
[例句展示] 仔细观察下列句子中的过去分词的用法。
1. The recovered animals will be released soon.
2. We needed much more qualified workers.
3. Paper cuts used for religious purposes are often found in temples.
4. He is a teacher loved by his students.
5. The student dressed in white is my daughter. = The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.
[自我归纳] （A级）
1. 过去分词作定语时，表示的动作在______之前发生，已经完成并具有_____意义（见句1）。此时，作定语的过去分词一般是由_____动词变来的，因为只有此类动词才有被动意义。
2. 单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词_____（见句1、句2）。_____作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，表示被动或完成，其作用相当于一个______（见句3、句4、句5）。
[拓展]
1. 不及物动词的过去分词也可作定语，一般作前置定语，不表示被动意义，只强调____________。如：fallen leaves落叶；retired workers退休工人；the risen sun升起的太阳。
2. 如果被修饰的词是由every / some / any / no + thing / body / one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those或these等时，即使是单一的过去分词作定语，也要放在被修饰词的后面。如：
There is nothing changed here since I left this town.
3. 过去分词短语有时还可用作非限制性定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，前后用逗号分开。如：
Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train.
[辨析] 过去分词与动词-ing形式作定语时的区别：
动词-ing形式作定语时与所修饰的名词之间是__________关系，表示动作___________；而过去分词作定语时，则表示被动或完成意义。如：
Mr Smith, tired of the boring speech, started to read a novel.
The prize of the game show is $30,000 and an all expenses paid vacation to China.
过去分词作表语
[例句展示] 仔细观察下列句子中的过去分词的用法。
1. The street is lined with small shops.
2. Tom was astonished to see his father.
[自我归纳]（A级）
过去分词作表语时，与谓语动词构成_____结构，表示主语的性质、特征和_____。
[辨析]
1. 过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语，主要表示主语的状态和特征，而被动语态则表示___________。如：
The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday.
The library is now closed.
2. 过去分词作表语与动词-ing形式作表语的区别：过去分词作表语表示________________，动词-ing形式作表语表示_______________________。如：
She was embarrassed because she didn’t know the answer.
Today’s meeting was boring.
3. 有些动词如interest, worry, surprise, frighten等通常用其过去分词形式来说明______的情况，用动词-ing形式来说明__________的情况。如：
The book is interesting and I’m interested in it.
评论