1. it特指，代替前文提到过的事物。（同类同物）
如：He is eating a banana. It looks delicious.他正在吃香蕉，这香蕉看起来很美味。
The baby is crying,it looks so sad.这个婴儿正在哭泣，它看起来如此伤心。
2. one泛指，代替单数名词，可指人或物。（同类异物）
如：I don’t like this book,I’d like a more interesting one.（one=book）我不喜欢这本书，我想要一本更有趣的。
I like the bananas,please give me one more.我喜欢香蕉，请再给我一个。
Among all people here,Tom is the most humorous one.这里所有人中，汤姆是最幽默的一个。
3. ones泛指，代替复数名词，可指人或物。
如：There were a few young people with some old ones in the house.（ones=people）有几个年轻人和一些老年人在那座房子里。
4. that特指，代替不可数名词或单数名词，指物。
如：The weather in Wuhan is hotter than that of Dongguan.（that = the weather）武汉的天气比东莞的更热。
5. those特指，代替复数名词。
如：The machines are better than those we produced last year.（those=the machines=the ones）这些机器比我们去年生产的要好。
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